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DAT : Dental Admission Test Exam

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Question: 969


If two gases, A and B, have the same temperature and pressure but different molar masses, which of the following statements about their molecular speeds is accurate according to Graham's Law of Effusion?


rate of effusion is directly proportional to the square root of the molar mass. Both gases will effuse at the same rate regardless of molar mass.

B will effuse faster than gas A if it has a higher molar mass. er: D

nation: Graham's Law states that the rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square r olar mass; thus, the gas with a lower molar mass will effuse faster.


ion: 970


mist is exploring the mechanism of a reaction that converts an alkene to an alcohol using bor ed by oxidation. What type of addition does this process represent?


rkovnikov addition.

-Markovnikov addition. ctrophilic addition. cleophilic addition.


er: B


nation: The hydroboration-oxidation process results in anti-Markovnikov addition, where the is formed at the less substituted carbon.

  • Gas A will effuse faster than gas B if it has a higher molar mass.

  • The C.

    • D. Gas Answ

    Expla oot of

    the m


    Quest


    A che ane

    follow


    1. Ma

    2. Anti

    3. Ele

    4. Nu

    Answ Expla

    alcohol


    Question: 971


    A chemist observes that a certain liquid has a high surface tension and low vapor pressure. Which of the following intermolecular forces could explain these properties?


    1. Strong hydrogen bonding

    2. Weak London dispersion forces

    3. Strong ionic interactions

    4. Dipole-induced dipole interactions Answer: A

    Explanation: High surface tension and low vapor pressure are indicative of strong hydrogen bonding, which creates cohesive forces among liquid molecules, resulting in a higher energy requirement to escape into the vapor phase.


    ion: 972


    the significance of the integration values in a 1H NMR spectrum, and how should they be eted in the context of molecular structure?


    egration values reflect the molecular weight of the compound.

    egration values provide qualitative information without quantitative implications. egration values are irrelevant when determining the functional groups present. egration values indicate the number of protons contributing to each signal.


    er: D


    nation: The integration values in a 1H NMR spectrum directly correlate with the number of p buting to each signal, providing crucial quantitative information for molecular structure mination.


    ion: 973


    ndergoes meiosis to produce gametes. If a diploid organism has 16 chromosomes, how ma osomes will each gamete contain after meiosis is completed?

    Quest


    What is interpr


    1. Int

    2. Int

    3. Int

    4. Int Answ

    Expla rotons

    contri deter


    Quest


    A cell u ny

    chrom


    1. 32

    2. 16

    3. 4

    4. 8


    Answer: D


    Explanation: Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half. Thus, a diploid organism with 16 chromosomes will produce haploid gametes containing 8 chromosomes.

    Question: 974


    What type of reaction occurs when an alkene reacts with a peroxyacid to form an epoxide?


    1. Hydrohalogenation

    2. Electrophilic addition

    3. Cycloaddition

    4. Nucleophilic substitution Answer: C

    nation: The reaction of an alkene with a peroxyacid involves a cycloaddition mechanism that ormation of an epoxide, which is a three-membered cyclic ether.


    ion: 975


    a phase change experiment, a student observes the latent heat involved when ice melts to w of the following statements correctly describes the nature of latent heat?


    the energy required to change the temperature of a substance. the heat capacity of a solid.

    the total energy of a substance at a given temperature.

    the energy absorbed or released during a phase change without changing the temperature. er: D

    nation: Latent heat is the energy absorbed or released during a phase change, such as melting without a change in temperature of the substance.


    ion: 976


    periment was conducted to determine the effect of temperature on enzyme activity. The resea

    Expla results

    in the f


    Quest


    During ater.

    Which


    1. It is

    2. It is

    3. It is

    4. It is Answ

    Expla or

    boiling,


    Quest


    An ex rchers

    found that as the temperature increased from 20°C to 37°C, the reaction rate increased. However, at temperatures above 50°C, the reaction rate drastically decreased. What phenomenon best explains the decrease in reaction rate at elevated temperatures?


    1. Competitive inhibition

    2. Decreased pH levels

    3. Increased substrate concentration

    4. Denaturation of the enzyme Answer: D

    Explanation: At elevated temperatures, enzymes can denature, losing their functional shape, which decreases the reaction rate significantly.


    Question: 977


    What is the primary effect of increased nuclear charge on the periodic trends of atomic radii and ionization energies?


    omic radii decrease and ionization energies increase mic radii increase and ionization energies decrease

    mic radii remain unchanged while ionization energies fluctuate h atomic radii and ionization energies decrease


    er: A


    nation: Increased nuclear charge typically results in a decrease in atomic radii due to stronger ion between the nucleus and electrons, and an increase in ionization energies as more energy ed to remove an electron.


    ion: 978


    boratory setting, a chemist prepares two solutions, one containing a non-electrolyte and the o electrolyte. How would the freezing point depression compare between the two solutions?


    non-electrolyte solution will have a greater depression. Both will have the same freezing point depression.

    strong electrolyte solution will have a greater depression. results are inconclusive.


    er: C

  • At

  • Ato

  • Ato

  • Bot Answ

    • Expla

    attract is

    requir


    Quest


    In a la ther a

    strong


    A. The B.

    1. The

    2. The Answ

    Explanation: The strong electrolyte dissociates into more ions, leading to a greater depression of the freezing point compared to a non-electrolyte, which does not dissociate.


    Question: 979


    In which scenario would you expect to see a downfield shift in the chemical shift of a proton in 1H NMR, and what is the underlying reason for this shift?

    1. When the proton is in a highly symmetrical environment.

    2. When the proton is attached to a carbon that is sp3 hybridized.

    3. When the proton is attached to a carbon adjacent to a highly electronegative atom.

    4. When the proton is shielded by neighboring electron-donating groups. Answer: C

    Explanation: A downfield shift occurs when the proton is attached to a carbon adjacent to highly electronegative atoms, leading to deshielding and increased chemical shift values.



    ion: 980


    n alkyne is subjected to hydrogenation in the presence of Lindlar's catalyst, what type of pr med?


    kane

    omatic compound ene

    dehyde er: C

    nation: Hydrogenation of an alkyne using Lindlar's catalyst selectively yields a cis-alkene. T allows the reaction to stop at the alkene stage without reducing it further to an alkane.


    ion: 981


    tion's concentration is expressed as 2.5 M. How many grams of NaCl would be needed to pr mL of this solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)


    61 g

    22 g

    Quest


    When a oduct

    is for


    1. Al

    2. Ar

    3. Alk

    4. Al


    Answ


    Expla his

    catalyst


    Quest


    A solu epare

    500


    1. 14.

    2. 29.

    C. 116.88 g

    D. 58.44 g


    Answer: B


    Explanation: To find the mass, use the formula: mass = molarity × volume × molar mass. Here, mass = 2.5 mol/L × 0.5 L × 58.44 g/mol = 73.05 g.

    Question: 982


    Which muscle group is primarily involved in the flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, playing a crucial role in various lifting movements?


    1. Biceps brachii

    2. Triceps brachii

    3. Brachialis


      nation: The biceps brachii is the major muscle responsible for flexing the forearm at the elbo ularly during lifting and pulling movements.


      ion: 983


      type of error is most likely to occur when a laboratory technician misreads a measurement due isinterpretation of the scale, and how can it be addressed?


      tematic error; can be addressed through proper training and calibration nders; can be rectified by implementing double-check systems

      ndom error; can be minimized by increasing the number of measurements trumental error; can be fixed by replacing faulty equipment


      er: B


      nation: Misreading a measurement due to visual misinterpretation is classified as a blunder, w addressed by implementing double-check systems to enhance accuracy.


      ion: 984

      Deltoids Answer: A

    Expla w,

    partic


    Quest


    Which to

    visual m


    1. Sys

    2. Blu

    3. Ra

    4. Ins Answ

    Expla hich

    can be


    Quest


    Given the electron configuration of an element as [Kr]5s²4d¹⁰5p³, determine the molecular geometry of the most stable compound formed by this element when it reacts with hydrogen.


    1. Tetrahedral

    2. Pyramidal

    3. Octahedral

    4. Trigonal bipyramidal Answer: D

    Explanation: The given electron configuration corresponds to an element in group 15. When it forms a compound with hydrogen, it typically adopts a trigonal bipyramidal geometry due to the presence of lone pairs and bonding pairs.


    Question: 985


    In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, if the substrate is a tertiary alkyl halide and the nucleophile is a strong base, which mechanism is most likely to dominate?



    er: C


    nation: Tertiary alkyl halides favor the E2 mechanism when reacted with strong bases, as the lly hindered and have a low chance of undergoing SN2.


    ion: 986


    study on animal behavior reveals that a particular species of birds engages in cooperative breedi on-breeding individuals assist in raising the young of others. This behavior is primarily an le of:


    ruism selection

    ource competition ritoriality


    er: B

  • E1

  • SN1

  • E2

  • SN2


    • Answ


    Expla y are

    sterica


    Quest


    A ng,

    where n examp


    1. Alt

    2. Kin

    3. Res

    4. Ter Answ

    Explanation: Kin selection is a form of natural selection where behaviors that help relatives reproduce are favored, as seen in cooperative breeding among birds.


    Question: 987

    A dental hygienist records the time (in minutes) spent on each patient as follows: 30, 45, 30, 60, and 45. What is the variance of the time spent?


    A. 75

    B. 50

    C. 25

    D. 30


    Answer: B


    30+45+30+60+45

    Explanation: Mean μ = 5 = 42. Variance =

    (30−42)2 +(45−42)2 +(30−42)2 +(60−42)2 +(45−42)2 = 50

    5 .

    Question: 988

    In a clinical study, 60% of patients reported improvement with a new treatment. If 100 patients are treated, what is the expected number of patients that will report improvement?

    1. 50

    2. 60

    3. 70

    4. 80



    Explanation: Expected value = 0.60 × 100 = 60 patients.


    Question: 989

    A dentist charges $100 per procedure. If a patient pays with a 10% discount coupon, what will be the final amount paid by the patient?


    A. $90 B. $95 C. $85 D. $80


    Answer: A

    Answer: B


    Explanation: Discount amount = 10% of $100 = $10. Final amount = $100 - $10 = $90.


    Question: 990

    A dental clinic has a 5-day work week. If the clinic serves an average of 25 patients per day, what is the total number of

    patients served in a month (assuming 4 weeks)?


    1. 200

    2. 400

    3. 500


      Answer: C


      Explanation: Total patients in a month =

      25 patients/day × 5 days/week × 4 weeks = 500.


      Question: 991

      A dentist reports that the current average age of patients is 35 years with a standard deviation of 8 years. What percentage of patients are older than 43 years?


      A. 16%

      B. 20%

      C. 25%

      D. 10%

      600


    Answer: A


    8

    Explanation: Z-score for 43: z = (43−35)

    right of z = 1 is approximately 16%.


    = 1. The area to the

    Question: 992


    A. 60

    B. 50

    C. 40

    D. 70


    Answer: A


    Explanation: Reduction = 80 × 0.25 = 20 units. New plaque level = 80 − 20 = 60.


    Question: 993

    In a random sample of 50 patients, 30 are male. What is the probability that a randomly selected patient from this sample is female?

    A new dental product claims to reduce plaque by 25%. If the initial plaque level is 80 units, what will be the new plaque level after using the product?


    1. 0.4

    2. 0.6

    3. 0.5

    4. 0.3


    Answer: A


    Explanation: Total patients = 50. Male patients = 30, thus

    20

    female patients = 50 − 30 = 20. Probability = 50

    40%.



    A dentist has a 90% success rate for a particular procedure. What is the probability that out of 10 procedures, exactly 9 will be successful?


    A. 0.327

    B. 0.387

    C. 0.348

    D. 0.278


    Answer: B


    Explanation: Using the binomial probability formula:

    10 9 1

    P (X = 9) = ( 9 )(0.9) (0.1) . Calculating gives

    approximately 0.387.

    Question: 994

    = 0.4 or


    Question: 995

    If a dentist's revenue is expected to grow by 15% annually, what would be the revenue after 2 years if the current revenue is $200,000?


    A.

    $130,000

    B.

    $220,000

    C.

    $271,000

    D. $264,500



    Explanation: Future revenue = 200, 000 × (1 + 0.15)2 = 200, 000 × 1.3225 = 264, 500.


    Question: 996

    A dental study shows that the probability of cavities decreases by 25% when a new toothpaste is used. If the initial probability of cavities is 0.4, what is the new probability?


    A. 0.3

    B. 0.25

    C. 0.35

    D. 0.1


    Answer: A

    Answer: D


    Explanation: New probability = 0.4 − (0.25 × 0.4) = 0.4 − 0.1 = 0.3.


    Question: 997

    A clinic has a 70% patient retention rate. If 200 patients are surveyed, how many patients are expected to return for follow- up?


    1. 130


      C. 150

      D. 160


      Answer: B


      Explanation: Expected return = 0.70 × 200 = 140.


      Question: 998

      A dentist has a 4:1 ratio of dental hygienists to dentists. If there are 5 dentists, how many dental hygienists are there?


      A. 15

      B. 20

      C. 25

      D. 10

      140


    Answer: B


    Explanation: If the ratio is 4:1, then for every 1 dentist, there are 4 hygienists. Thus, 5 × 4 = 20 hygienists.

    Question: 999

    A dental office operates 5 days a week and sees an average of 30 patients each day. If the office is closed for a week, how many patients will it miss?



    B. 120

    C. 180

    D. 240


    Answer: A


    Explanation: Patients missed = 30 patients/day × days = 150.


    Question: 1000

    In a survey, 80% of patients reported satisfaction with their dental visits. If 50 patients were surveyed, how many reported satisfaction?


    A. 32

  • 150


    5


  • 40

  • 45

  • 50


    • Answer: B

    Explanation: Satisfied patients = 0.80 × 50 = 40 patients.


    Question: 1001


    A. 5

    B. 7

    C. 8

    D. 10


    Answer: C


    Explanation: Expected cancellations = 0.10 × 80 = 8.


    Question: 1002

    If the average number of cavities per patient is 2, and a dentist sees 50 patients, what is the expected total number of cavities?


    A. 50

    B. 100

    A dentist's practice has a 10% cancellation rate. If 80 patients are scheduled for a day, how many are expected to cancel?


    1. 75

    2. 80


    Answer: B


    Explanation: Expected cavities = 2 cavities/patient ×

    50 patients = 100.


    Question: 1003


    A. $170 B. $180 C. $190 D. $150


    Answer: A


    Explanation: Discount amount = 0.15 × 200 = 30. Final amount = 200 − 30 = 170.

    A dental clinic charges $200 for a procedure. If a patient pays with a 15% discount, what will be the final amount paid?


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